Infection Control Education

Antibiotic-resistant infections (ARO) occur when bacteria evolve to become resistant to the effects of antibiotics, making them difficult or impossible to treat. These infections, often called "superbug" infections, can lead to prolonged illness, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates.

What is Antimicrobial/Antibiotic Resistance?

  • Resistance development:
  • Microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites can change over time, developing resistance to the medicines designed to kill or control them.
  • Impact on treatment:
  • When an infection becomes resistant to a particular antibiotic, that antibiotic is no longer effective in treating it.
  • Consequences:
  • Resistant infections can lead to longer hospital stays, more complex treatments, and an increased risk of complications and death.

Examples of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections:

  • MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus):
  • A type of staph bacteria resistant to many antibiotics, including methicillin.
  • CRE (Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae):
  • Bacteria resistant to carbapenems, a class of strong antibiotics, are often found in healthcare settings.
  • VRE (Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci):
  • Enterococci bacteria that are resistant to vancomycin, another powerful antibiotic.
  • MDR-TB (Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis):
  • Tuberculosis bacteria are resistant to at least two of the most powerful anti-TB drugs.

Care for Residents with AROs:

  • If your loved one has an antibiotic-resistant infection (ARO), certain precautions are necessary to ensure everyone's safety. During care activities such as nursing or toileting, staff will wear personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent the spread of infection.
  • In most cases, you will not need to wear PPE during your visit. However, please follow any instructions provided by the care team to help protect yourself and others.
  • Thank you for your understanding and support.


If you have any questions, please reach out to Stephanie Albert at stephanie.albert@muskoka.on.ca

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